2 * mtd - simple memory technology device manipulation tool
4 * Copyright (C) 2005 Waldemar Brodkorb <wbx@dass-it.de>,
5 * Felix Fietkau <nbd@openwrt.org>
7 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
9 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
10 * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
12 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 * GNU General Public License for more details.
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
19 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
23 * The code is based on the linux-mtd examples.
32 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
33 #include <sys/syscall.h>
39 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
40 #include <sys/types.h>
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/mount.h>
44 #include <sys/reboot.h>
45 #include <linux/reboot.h>
50 #define JFFS2_DEFAULT_DIR "" /* directory name without /, empty means root dir */
53 uint32_t magic; /* "HDR0" */
54 uint32_t len; /* Length of file including header */
55 uint32_t crc32; /* 32-bit CRC from flag_version to end of file */
56 uint32_t flag_version; /* 0:15 flags, 16:31 version */
57 uint32_t offsets[3]; /* Offsets of partitions from start of header */
60 static char *buf = NULL;
61 static char *imagefile = NULL;
62 static char *jffs2file = NULL, *jffs2dir = JFFS2_DEFAULT_DIR;
63 static int buflen = 0;
68 int mtd_open(const char *mtd, bool block)
74 int flags = O_RDWR | O_SYNC;
76 if ((fp = fopen("/proc/mtd", "r"))) {
77 while (fgets(dev, sizeof(dev), fp)) {
78 if (sscanf(dev, "mtd%d:", &i) && strstr(dev, mtd)) {
79 snprintf(dev, sizeof(dev), "/dev/mtd%s/%d", (block ? "block" : ""), i);
80 if ((ret=open(dev, flags))<0) {
81 snprintf(dev, sizeof(dev), "/dev/mtd%s%d", (block ? "block" : ""), i);
91 return open(mtd, flags);
94 int mtd_check_open(const char *mtd)
96 struct mtd_info_user mtdInfo;
99 fd = mtd_open(mtd, false);
101 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
105 if(ioctl(fd, MEMGETINFO, &mtdInfo)) {
106 fprintf(stderr, "Could not get MTD device info from %s\n", mtd);
110 mtdsize = mtdInfo.size;
111 erasesize = mtdInfo.erasesize;
116 int mtd_erase_block(int fd, int offset)
118 struct erase_info_user mtdEraseInfo;
120 mtdEraseInfo.start = offset;
121 mtdEraseInfo.length = erasesize;
122 ioctl(fd, MEMUNLOCK, &mtdEraseInfo);
123 if (ioctl (fd, MEMERASE, &mtdEraseInfo) < 0) {
124 fprintf(stderr, "Erasing mtd failed.\n");
130 int mtd_write_buffer(int fd, const char *buf, int offset, int length)
132 lseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET);
133 write(fd, buf, length);
139 image_check(int imagefd, const char *mtd)
143 ret = trx_check(imagefd, mtd, buf, &buflen);
148 static int mtd_check(const char *mtd)
152 fd = mtd_check_open(mtd);
157 buf = malloc(erasesize);
164 mtd_unlock(const char *mtd)
167 struct erase_info_user mtdLockInfo;
169 fd = mtd_check_open(mtd);
171 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
176 fprintf(stderr, "Unlocking %s ...\n", mtd);
178 mtdLockInfo.start = 0;
179 mtdLockInfo.length = mtdsize;
180 if(ioctl(fd, MEMUNLOCK, &mtdLockInfo)) {
190 mtd_erase(const char *mtd)
193 struct erase_info_user mtdEraseInfo;
196 fprintf(stderr, "Erasing %s ...\n", mtd);
198 fd = mtd_check_open(mtd);
200 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
204 mtdEraseInfo.length = erasesize;
206 for (mtdEraseInfo.start = 0;
207 mtdEraseInfo.start < mtdsize;
208 mtdEraseInfo.start += erasesize) {
210 ioctl(fd, MEMUNLOCK, &mtdEraseInfo);
211 if(ioctl(fd, MEMERASE, &mtdEraseInfo))
212 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to erase block on %s at 0x%x\n", mtd, mtdEraseInfo.start);
221 mtd_refresh(const char *mtd)
226 fprintf(stderr, "Refreshing mtd partition %s ... ", mtd);
228 fd = mtd_check_open(mtd);
230 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
234 if (ioctl(fd, MTDREFRESH, NULL)) {
235 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to refresh the MTD device\n");
242 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
248 mtd_write(int imagefd, const char *mtd)
253 fd = mtd_check_open(mtd);
255 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
260 fprintf(stderr, "Writing from %s to %s ... ", imagefile, mtd);
264 fprintf(stderr, " [ ]");
267 /* buffer may contain data already (from trx check) */
269 r = read(imagefd, buf + buflen, erasesize - buflen);
271 if ((errno == EINTR) || (errno == EAGAIN))
280 fprintf(stderr, "No more data left\n");
285 } while (buflen < erasesize);
291 if (memcmp(buf, JFFS2_EOF, sizeof(JFFS2_EOF)) == 0) {
293 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b ");
295 fprintf(stderr, "\nAppending jffs2 data to from %s to %s...", jffs2file, mtd);
296 /* got an EOF marker - this is the place to add some jffs2 data */
297 mtd_replace_jffs2(mtd, fd, e, jffs2file);
300 /* no EOF marker, make sure we figure out the last inode number
301 * before appending some data */
302 mtd_parse_jffs2data(buf, jffs2dir);
305 /* need to erase the next block before writing data to it */
306 while (w + buflen > e) {
308 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b[e]");
310 mtd_erase_block(fd, e);
312 /* erase the chunk */
317 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b[w]");
319 if ((result = write(fd, buf, buflen)) < buflen) {
321 fprintf(stderr, "Error writing image.\n");
324 fprintf(stderr, "Insufficient space.\n");
333 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b\b");
337 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
343 static void usage(void)
345 fprintf(stderr, "Usage: mtd [<options> ...] <command> [<arguments> ...] <device>\n\n"
346 "The device is in the format of mtdX (eg: mtd4) or its label.\n"
347 "mtd recognizes these commands:\n"
348 " unlock unlock the device\n"
349 " refresh refresh mtd partition\n"
350 " erase erase all data on device\n"
351 " write <imagefile>|- write <imagefile> (use - for stdin) to device\n"
352 " jffs2write <file> append <file> to the jffs2 partition on the device\n"
353 "Following options are available:\n"
354 " -q quiet mode (once: no [w] on writing,\n"
355 " twice: no status messages)\n"
356 " -r reboot after successful command\n"
357 " -f force write without trx checks\n"
358 " -e <device> erase <device> before executing the command\n"
359 " -d <name> directory for jffs2write, defaults to \"tmp\"\n"
360 " -j <name> integrate <file> into jffs2 data when writing an image\n"
362 "Example: To write linux.trx to mtd4 labeled as linux and reboot afterwards\n"
363 " mtd -r write linux.trx linux\n\n");
367 static void do_reboot(void)
369 fprintf(stderr, "Rebooting ...\n");
372 /* try regular reboot method first */
373 system("/sbin/reboot");
376 /* if we're still alive at this point, force the kernel to reboot */
377 syscall(SYS_reboot,LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC1,LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC2,LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_RESTART,NULL);
380 int main (int argc, char **argv)
382 int ch, i, boot, imagefd = 0, force, unlocked;
383 char *erase[MAX_ARGS], *device = NULL;
398 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "frqe:d:j:")) != -1)
414 while ((erase[i] != NULL) && ((i + 1) < MAX_ARGS))
433 if ((strcmp(argv[0], "unlock") == 0) && (argc == 2)) {
436 } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "refresh") == 0) && (argc == 2)) {
439 } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "erase") == 0) && (argc == 2)) {
442 } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "write") == 0) && (argc == 3)) {
446 if (strcmp(argv[1], "-") == 0) {
447 imagefile = "<stdin>";
451 if ((imagefd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
452 fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open image file: %s!\n", imagefile);
457 if (!mtd_check(device)) {
458 fprintf(stderr, "Can't open device for writing!\n");
461 /* check trx file before erasing or writing anything */
462 if (!image_check(imagefd, device) && !force) {
463 fprintf(stderr, "Image check failed.\n");
466 } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "jffs2write") == 0) && (argc == 3)) {
467 cmd = CMD_JFFS2WRITE;
471 if (!mtd_check(device)) {
472 fprintf(stderr, "Can't open device for writing!\n");
483 while (erase[i] != NULL) {
484 mtd_unlock(erase[i]);
486 if (strcmp(erase[i], device) == 0)
505 mtd_write(imagefd, device);
510 mtd_write_jffs2(device, imagefile, jffs2dir);