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195 <h1>Class <code>luci.ip</code></h1>
198 LuCI IP calculation and netlink access library.</p>
207 <table class="function_list">
210 <td class="name" nowrap><a href="#new">new</a> (address, netmask)</td>
213 Construct a new luci.ip.cidr instance and autodetect the address family.</td>
217 <td class="name" nowrap><a href="#IPv4">IPv4</a> (address, netmask)</td>
220 Construct a new IPv4 luci.ip.cidr instance.</td>
224 <td class="name" nowrap><a href="#IPv6">IPv6</a> (address, netmask)</td>
227 Construct a new IPv6 luci.ip.cidr instance.</td>
231 <td class="name" nowrap><a href="#MAC">MAC</a> (address, netmask)</td>
234 Construct a new MAC luci.ip.cidr instance.</td>
238 <td class="name" nowrap><a href="#checkip4">checkip4</a> (address)</td>
241 Verify an IPv4 address.</td>
245 <td class="name" nowrap><a href="#checkip6">checkip6</a> (address)</td>
248 Verify an IPv6 address.</td>
252 <td class="name" nowrap><a href="#checkmac">checkmac</a> (address)</td>
255 Verify an ethernet MAC address.</td>
259 <td class="name" nowrap><a href="#route">route</a> (address)</td>
262 Determine the route leading to the given destination.</td>
266 <td class="name" nowrap><a href="#routes">routes</a> (filter, callback)</td>
269 Fetch all routes, optionally matching the given criteria.</td>
273 <td class="name" nowrap><a href="#neighbors">neighbors</a> (filter, callback)</td>
276 Fetches entries from the IPv4 ARP and IPv6 neighbour kernel table </td>
280 <td class="name" nowrap><a href="#link">link</a> (device)</td>
283 Fetch basic device information </td>
297 <h2><a name="functions"></a>Functions</h2>
298 <dl class="function">
302 <dt><a name="new"></a><strong>new</strong> (address, netmask)</dt>
306 Construct a new luci.ip.cidr instance and autodetect the address family.
307 Throws an error if the given strings do not represent a valid address or
308 if the given optional netmask is of a different family.
315 address: String containing a valid IPv4 or IPv6 address, optionally
316 with prefix size (CIDR notation) or netmask separated by slash.
320 netmask: String containing a valid IPv4 or IPv6 netmask or number
321 containing a prefix size in bits (<code>0..32</code> for IPv4,
322 <code>0..128</code> for IPv6). Overrides mask embedded in the first argument
323 if specified. (optional)
332 <pre>addr = luci.ip.new("10.24.0.1/24")
333 addr = luci.ip.new("10.24.0.1/255.255.255.0")
334 addr = luci.ip.new("10.24.0.1", "255.255.255.0") -- separate netmask
335 addr = luci.ip.new("10.24.0.1/24", 16) -- override netmask
337 addr6 = luci.ip.new("fe80::221:63ff:fe75:aa17/64")
338 addr6 = luci.ip.new("fe80::221:63ff:fe75:aa17/ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::")
339 addr6 = luci.ip.new("fe80::221:63ff:fe75:aa17", "ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::")
340 addr6 = luci.ip.new("fe80::221:63ff:fe75:aa17/64", 128) -- override netmask</pre>
344 <h3>Return value:</h3>
345 A <code>luci.ip.cidr</code> object representing the given
372 <dt><a name="IPv4"></a><strong>IPv4</strong> (address, netmask)</dt>
376 Construct a new IPv4 luci.ip.cidr instance.
377 Throws an error if the given string does not represent a valid IPv4 address or
378 if the given optional netmask is of a different family.
385 address: String containing a valid IPv4, optionally with prefix size
386 (CIDR notation) or netmask separated by slash.
390 netmask: String containing a valid IPv4 netmask or number
391 containing a prefix size between <code>0</code> and <code>32</code> bit.
392 Overrides mask embedded in the first argument if specified. (optional)
401 <pre>addr = luci.ip.IPv4("10.24.0.1/24")
402 addr = luci.ip.IPv4("10.24.0.1/255.255.255.0")
403 addr = luci.ip.IPv4("10.24.0.1", "255.255.255.0") -- separate netmask
404 addr = luci.ip.IPv4("10.24.0.1/24", 16) -- override netmask</pre>
408 <h3>Return value:</h3>
409 A <code>luci.ip.cidr</code> object representing the given IPv4 range.
431 <dt><a name="IPv6"></a><strong>IPv6</strong> (address, netmask)</dt>
435 Construct a new IPv6 luci.ip.cidr instance.
436 Throws an error if the given string does not represent a valid IPv6 address or
437 if the given optional netmask is of a different family.
444 address: String containing a valid IPv6, optionally with prefix size
445 (CIDR notation) or netmask separated by slash.
449 netmask: String containing a valid IPv4 netmask or number
450 containing a prefix size between <code>0</code> and <code>128</code> bit.
451 Overrides mask embedded in the first argument if specified. (optional)
460 <pre>addr6 = luci.ip.IPv6("fe80::221:63ff:fe75:aa17/64")
461 addr6 = luci.ip.IPv6("fe80::221:63ff:fe75:aa17/ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::")
462 addr6 = luci.ip.IPv6("fe80::221:63ff:fe75:aa17", "ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::")
463 addr6 = luci.ip.IPv6("fe80::221:63ff:fe75:aa17/64", 128) -- override netmask</pre>
467 <h3>Return value:</h3>
468 A <code>luci.ip.cidr</code> object representing the given IPv6 range.
490 <dt><a name="MAC"></a><strong>MAC</strong> (address, netmask)</dt>
494 Construct a new MAC luci.ip.cidr instance.
495 Throws an error if the given string does not represent a valid ethernet MAC
496 address or if the given optional mask is of a different family.
503 address: String containing a valid ethernet MAC address, optionally with
504 prefix size (CIDR notation) or mask separated by slash.
508 netmask: String containing a valid MAC address mask or number
509 containing a prefix size between <code>0</code> and <code>48</code> bit.
510 Overrides mask embedded in the first argument if specified. (optional)
519 <pre>intel_macs = luci.ip.MAC("C0:B6:F9:00:00:00/24")
520 intel_macs = luci.ip.MAC("C0:B6:F9:00:00:00/FF:FF:FF:0:0:0")
521 intel_macs = luci.ip.MAC("C0:B6:F9:00:00:00", "FF:FF:FF:0:0:0")
522 intel_macs = luci.ip.MAC("C0:B6:F9:00:00:00/24", 48) -- override mask</pre>
526 <h3>Return value:</h3>
527 A <code>luci.ip.cidr</code> object representing the given MAC address range.
549 <dt><a name="checkip4"></a><strong>checkip4</strong> (address)</dt>
553 Verify an IPv4 address.
555 Checks whether given argument is a preexisting luci.ip.cidr IPv4 address
556 instance or a string literal convertible to an IPv4 address and returns a
557 plain Lua string containing the canonical representation of the address.
559 If the argument is not a valid address, returns nothing. This function is
560 intended to aid in safely verifying address literals without having to deal
568 address: String containing a valid IPv4 address or existing
569 luci.ip.cidr IPv4 instance.
578 <pre>ipv4 = luci.ip.checkip4(luci.ip.new("127.0.0.1")) -- "127.0.0.1"
579 ipv4 = luci.ip.checkip4("127.0.0.1") -- "127.0.0.1"
580 ipv4 = luci.ip.checkip4("nonesense") -- nothing
581 ipv4 = luci.ip.checkip4(123) -- nothing
582 ipv4 = luci.ip.checkip4(nil) -- nothing
583 ipv4 = luci.ip.checkip4() -- nothing</pre>
587 <h3>Return value:</h3>
588 A string representing the given IPv4 address.
595 <li><a href="#checkip6">
599 <li><a href="#checkmac">
610 <dt><a name="checkip6"></a><strong>checkip6</strong> (address)</dt>
614 Verify an IPv6 address.
616 Checks whether given argument is a preexisting luci.ip.cidr IPv6 address
617 instance or a string literal convertible to an IPv6 address and returns a
618 plain Lua string containing the canonical representation of the address.
620 If the argument is not a valid address, returns nothing. This function is
621 intended to aid in safely verifying address literals without having to deal
629 address: String containing a valid IPv6 address or existing
630 luci.ip.cidr IPv6 instance.
639 <pre>ipv6 = luci.ip.checkip6(luci.ip.new("0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1")) -- "::1"
640 ipv6 = luci.ip.checkip6("0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1") -- "::1"
641 ipv6 = luci.ip.checkip6("nonesense") -- nothing
642 ipv6 = luci.ip.checkip6(123) -- nothing
643 ipv6 = luci.ip.checkip6(nil) -- nothing
644 ipv6 = luci.ip.checkip6() -- nothing</pre>
648 <h3>Return value:</h3>
649 A string representing the given IPv6 address.
656 <li><a href="#checkip4">
660 <li><a href="#checkmac">
671 <dt><a name="checkmac"></a><strong>checkmac</strong> (address)</dt>
675 Verify an ethernet MAC address.
677 Checks whether given argument is a preexisting luci.ip.cidr MAC address
678 instance or a string literal convertible to an ethernet MAC and returns a
679 plain Lua string containing the canonical representation of the address.
681 If the argument is not a valid address, returns nothing. This function is
682 intended to aid in safely verifying address literals without having to deal
690 address: String containing a valid MAC address or existing luci.ip.cidr
691 MAC address instance.
700 <pre>mac = luci.ip.checkmac(luci.ip.new("00-11-22-cc-dd-ee")) -- "00:11:22:CC:DD:EE"
701 mac = luci.ip.checkmac("00:11:22:cc:dd:ee") -- "00:11:22:CC:DD:EE"
702 mac = luci.ip.checkmac("nonesense") -- nothing
703 mac = luci.ip.checkmac(123) -- nothing
704 mac = luci.ip.checkmac(nil) -- nothing
705 mac = luci.ip.checkmac() -- nothing</pre>
709 <h3>Return value:</h3>
710 A string representing the given MAC address.
717 <li><a href="#checkip4">
721 <li><a href="#checkip6">
732 <dt><a name="route"></a><strong>route</strong> (address)</dt>
736 Determine the route leading to the given destination.
743 address: A <code>luci.ip.cidr</code> instance or a string containing
744 a valid IPv4 or IPv6 range as specified by <code>luci.ip.new()</code>.
754 <li>Find default gateway by getting route to Google's public NS server
755 <pre>rt = luci.ip.route("8.8.8.8")
757 print("gateway is", rt.gw)
759 <li>Determine IPv6 upstream interface <pre>rt = luci.ip.route("2001::/7")
761 print("ipv6 upstream device is", rt.dev)
767 <h3>Return value:</h3>
768 <p>Table containing the fields described below.</p>
769 <table id="routetable">
770 <tr><th>Field</th><th>Description</th></tr>
771 <tr><td><code>type</code><td>
772 <p>Route type with one of the following numeric values:</p>
775 <td><code>1</code></td>
776 <td><code>RTN_UNICAST</code> - Gateway or direct route</td>
779 <td><code>2</code></td>
780 <td><code>RTN_LOCAL</code> - Accept locally</td>
783 <td><code>3</code></td>
784 <td><code>RTN_BROADCAST</code> -
785 Accept locally as broadcast send as broadcast</td>
788 <td><code>4</code></td>
789 <td><code>RTN_ANYCAST</code> -
790 Accept locally as broadcast but send as unicast</td>
793 <td><code>5</code></td>
794 <td><code>RTN_MULTICAST</code> - Multicast route</td>
799 <td><code>family</code></td>
800 <td>Number containing the route family, <code>4</code> for IPv4 or
801 <code>6</code> for IPv6</td>
804 <td><code>dest</code></td>
805 <td>Destination <code>luci.ip.cidr</code> instance</td>
808 <td><code>gw</code></td>
809 <td>Gateway <code>luci.ip.cidr</code> instance (optional)</td>
812 <td><code>from</code></td>
813 <td>Source address <code>luci.ip.cidr</code> instance (optional)</td>
816 <td><code>src</code></td>
817 <td>Preferred source <code>luci.ip.cidr</code> instance (optional)</td>
820 <td><code>dev</code></td>
821 <td>String containing the name of the outgoing interface</td>
824 <td><code>iif</code></td>
825 <td>String containing the name of the incoming interface (optional)</td>
828 <td><code>table</code></td>
829 <td>Number of the associated routing table (<code>0..65535</code>)</td>
832 <td><code>proto</code></td>
833 <td>Number of the associated routing protocol</td>
836 <td><code>scope</code></td>
837 <td>Number describing the scope of the route, most commonly
838 <code>0</code> for global or <code>253</code> for on-link</td>
841 <td><code>metric</code></td>
842 <td>Number describing the route metric (optional)</td>
845 <td><code>expires</code></td>
846 <td>Number of seconds the prefix is valid (IPv6 only, optional)</td>
849 <td><code>error</code></td>
850 <td>Route destination error code (optional)</td>
859 <li><a href="#routes">
870 <dt><a name="routes"></a><strong>routes</strong> (filter, callback)</dt>
874 Fetch all routes, optionally matching the given criteria.
881 filter: <p>Table containing one or more of the possible filter
882 critera described below (optional)</p><table>
883 <tr><th>Field</th><th>Description</th></tr>
884 <tr><td><code>family</code></td><td>
885 Number describing the address family to return - <code>4</code> selects
886 IPv4 routes, <code>6</code> IPv6 ones. Any other value selects both.
888 <tr><td><code>iif</code></td><td>
889 String containing the incoming route interface to match.
891 <tr><td><code>oif</code></td><td>
892 String containing the outgoing route interface to match.
894 <tr><td><code>type</code></td><td>
895 Numeric type to match, e.g. <code>1</code> for unicast.
897 <tr><td><code>scope</code></td><td>
898 Numeric scope to match, e.g. <code>253</code> for onlink.
900 <tr><td><code>proto</code></td><td>
901 Numeric protocol to match, e.g. <code>2</code> for boot.
903 <tr><td><code>table</code></td><td>
904 Numeric routing table to match (<code>0..65535</code>).
906 <tr><td><code>gw</code></td><td>
907 String containing the gateway address to match. Can be in any notation
908 specified by <code>luci.ip.new()</code>. Prefix matching is performed when
909 comparing the routes, e.g. "192.168.1.0/24" would select routes with gateway
910 addresses <code>192.168.1.1 .. 192.168.1.255</code>.
912 <tr><td><code>dest</code></td><td>
913 String containing the destination to match. Prefix matching is performed.
915 <tr><td><code>from</code></td><td>
916 String containing the source address to match. Prefix matching is performed.
918 <tr><td><code>src</code></td><td>
919 String containing the preferred source address to match.
920 Prefix matching is performed.
922 <tr><td><code>dest_exact</code></td><td>
923 String containing the destination to match. Exact matching is performed,
924 e.g. <code>dest = "0.0.0.0/0"</code> would match <em>any</em> IPv4 route
925 while <code>dest_exact = "0.0.0.0/0"</code> will <em>only</em> match the
928 <tr><td><code>from_exact</code></td><td>
929 String containing the source address to match. Exact matching is performed.
935 callback: <p>Callback function to invoke for each found route
936 instead of returning one table of route objects (optional)</p>
946 <li>Find all IPv4 default routes:
947 <pre>luci.ip.routes({ dest_exact = "0.0.0.0/0" }, function(rt)
948 print(rt.type, rt.gw, rt.dev)
950 <li>Find all global IPv6 prefixes on the current system:
951 <pre>luci.ip.routes({ from = "2001::/7" }, function(rt)
954 <li>Fetch all IPv4 routes:
955 <pre>routes = luci.ip.routes({ family = 4 })
956 for _, rt in ipairs(routes) do
957 print(rt.dest, rt.gw, rt.dev)
963 <h3>Return value:</h3>
964 If no callback function is provided, a table of routes
965 <a href="#routetable">as specified by <code>luci.ip.route()</code></a>
966 is returned. If a callback function is given, it is invoked for each route
967 and nothing is returned.
974 <li><a href="#route">
985 <dt><a name="neighbors"></a><strong>neighbors</strong> (filter, callback)</dt>
989 Fetches entries from the IPv4 ARP and IPv6 neighbour kernel table
996 filter: <p>Table containing one or more of the possible filter
997 critera described below (optional)</p><table>
998 <tr><th>Field</th><th>Description</th></tr>
999 <tr><td><code>family</code></td><td>
1000 Number describing the address family to return - <code>4</code> selects
1001 IPv4 ARP, <code>6</code> select IPv6 neighbour entries. Any other value
1004 <tr><td><code>dev</code></td><td>
1005 String containing the associated interface to match.
1007 <tr><td><code>dest</code></td><td>
1008 String containing the associated address to match. Can be in any notation
1009 specified by <code>luci.ip.new()</code>. Prefix matching is performed when
1010 comparing the addresses, e.g. "192.168.1.0/24" would select ARP entries
1011 for <code>192.168.1.1 .. 192.168.1.255</code>.
1013 <tr><td><code>mac</code></td><td>
1014 String containing MAC address to match.
1020 callback: <p>Callback function to invoke for each found neighbour
1021 entry instead of returning one table of neighbour entries (optional)</p>
1031 <li>Find all ARP neighbours in the LAN:
1032 <pre>luci.ip.neighbors({ dest = "192.168.0.0/16" }, function(n)
1033 print(n.dest, n.mac)
1035 <li>Find all active IPv6 addresses of host with given MAC:
1036 <pre>luci.ip.neighbors({ family = 6, mac = "00:21:63:75:aa:17" },
1044 <h3>Return value:</h3>
1045 If no callback function is provided, a table of neighbour entries
1046 is returned. If a callback function is given, it is invoked for each entry
1047 and nothing is returned.
1049 A neighbour entry is a table containing the following fields:
1052 <tr><th>Field</th><th>Description</th></tr>
1054 <td><code>family</code></td>
1055 <td>Number containing the neighbour entry family, <code>4</code> for IPv4
1056 ARP or <code>6</code> for IPv6 NDP</td>
1059 <td><code>dev</code></td>
1060 <td>String containing the associated device of the neighbour entry</td>
1063 <td><code>dest</code></td>
1064 <td>IP address <code>luci.ip.cidr</code> instance</td>
1067 <td><code>mac</code></td>
1068 <td>MAC address <code>luci.ip.cidr</code> instance</td>
1071 <td><code>router</code></td>
1072 <td>Boolean "true" if the neighbour entry is a router (IPv6, optional)</td>
1075 <td><code>proxy</code></td>
1076 <td>Boolean "true" if this is a proxy entry (optional)</td>
1079 <td><code>incomplete</code></td>
1080 <td>Boolean "true" if the entry is in incomplete state (optional)</td>
1083 <td><code>reachable</code></td>
1084 <td>Boolean "true" if the entry is in reachable state (optional)</td>
1087 <td><code>stale</code></td>
1088 <td>Boolean "true" if the entry is stale (optional)</td>
1091 <td><code>delay</code></td>
1092 <td>Boolean "true" if the entry is delayed (optional)</td>
1095 <td><code>probe</code></td>
1096 <td>Boolean "true" if the entry is in probe state (optional)</td>
1099 <td><code>failed</code></td>
1100 <td>Boolean "true" if the entry is in failed state (optional)</td>
1103 <td><code>noarp</code></td>
1104 <td>Boolean "true" if the entry is not caused by NDP or
1108 <td><code>permanent</code></td>
1109 <td>Boolean "true" if the entry was statically configured from
1110 userspace (optional)</td>
1121 <dt><a name="link"></a><strong>link</strong> (device)</dt>
1125 Fetch basic device information
1132 device: String containing the network device to query
1142 <li>Test whether device br-lan exists:
1143 <pre>print(luci.ip.link("br-lan").name ~= nil)
1145 <li>Query MAC address of eth0:
1146 <pre>print(luci.ip.link("eth0").mac)
1152 <h3>Return value:</h3>
1153 If the given interface is found, a table containing the fields
1154 described below is returned, else an empty table.
1157 <tr><th>Field</th><th>Description</th></tr>
1159 <td><code>up</code></td>
1160 <td>Boolean indicating whether the device is in IFF_RUNNING state</td>
1163 <td><code>type</code></td>
1164 <td>Numeric value indicating the type of the device, e.g. <code>1</code>
1168 <td><code>name</code></td>
1169 <td>String containing the name of the device</td>
1172 <td><code>master</code></td>
1173 <td>If queried device is a bridge port, string containing the name of
1174 parent bridge device (optional)</td>
1177 <td><code>mtu</code></td>
1178 <td>Number containing the current MTU of the device</td>
1181 <td><code>qlen</code></td>
1182 <td>Number containing the TX queue length of the device</td>
1185 <td><code>mac</code></td>
1186 <td>MAC address <code>luci.ip.cidr</code> instance representing the device ethernet
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